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Networking/Data Transmission

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Ripple: Communicating through Physical Vibration A novel technique for data transmission that uses vibration motors in all cell phones as transmitters and accelerometers as receivers. By carefully regulating the... Read More A novel technique for data transmission that uses vibration motors in all cell phones as transmitters and accelerometers as receivers. By carefully regulating the vibrations at the transmitter and sensing them through vibration sensors, two mobile devices can communicate. This is useful for security-sensitive applications such as mobile payments because vibrations are inherently more secure than RF broadcast in NFC or Bluetooth. The ubiquity of vibration motors in every cell phone, even in developing regions, presents an immediate market for vibratory communication
Method and System for Distributed, Localized Authentiaction in the Framework of 802.11i A method for controlling Internet access of a mobile device by using a communication system having a number of access points includes the steps of... Read More A method for controlling Internet access of a mobile device by using a communication system having a number of access points includes the steps of performing a certificate-based authentication between an authentication access point and a mobile device seeking access to the Internet; transmitting a certificate from the mobile device to the authentication access point; verifying the certificate by the authentication access point; determining whether the authenticating mobile device's certificate has been revoked prior to the expiration of its lifetime; and granting the authenticating mobile device access to the Internet, if the certificate has been verified successfully and not revoked prior to the expiration of its lifetime.
Method for Exchanging Messages and Verifying the Authenticity of the Messages in an Ad Hoc Network A method for exchanging messages containing reliable information between nodes in an ad hoc network, such as a vehicle ad hoc network. The method includes... Read More A method for exchanging messages containing reliable information between nodes in an ad hoc network, such as a vehicle ad hoc network. The method includes the steps of providing a public key for a PKI encrypted certificate authority signature to all nodes known to transmit reliable information. Each node transmits a signal containing node identification information and the PKI encrypted certificate authority signature associated with that node. Each node also receives like signals from other nodes and then decrypts the certificate authority signatures from the received signals by using the certificate authority public key to ascertain the authenticity of the received certificate authority signatures and the reliability of the received message. Thereafter, the nodes receive and accept messages with a TESLA encrypted signature only with nodes identified to have authentic certificate authority signatures until the occurrence of a subsequent predefined event, such as a new node in the network or the elapse of a predetermined time period.
A Method for Transaction Dependency Graph Construction Using Signal Injection A method for measuring system response sensitivity, using live traffic and an analysis that converts randomly arriving stimuli and reactions to the stimuli... Read More A method for measuring system response sensitivity, using live traffic and an analysis that converts randomly arriving stimuli and reactions to the stimuli to mean measures over chosen intervals, thereby creating periodically occurring samples that are processed. The system is perturbed in a chosen location of the system in a manner that is periodic with frequency p, and the system's response to arriving stimuli is measured at frequency p. The perturbation, illustratively, is with a square wave pattern.
Scalable System Software for a Gigabit Active Router In the present scalable system routing method, received packets are associating with threads for processing the received packets. While a previously... Read More In the present scalable system routing method, received packets are associating with threads for processing the received packets. While a previously received packet is being processed, arrival of an interrupt is checked. If there is an interrupt, a thread is created associating the interrupt is created. Then, a determination of whether the thread associated with the interrupt has a priority that is higher than the priority of a thread associated with the previously received packet is made. If the thread associated with the interrupt has a higher priority than the previously received packet, the thread associated with the previously received packet is saved in a Shared Arena storage area. However, if the thread associated with the interrupt does not have a higher priority than the previously received packet, the thread associated with the interrupt is queued. Because threads are attached to the packets, the threads can now be suspended and resumed without having to disable interrupts, which includes periods during a context switch. As a result, a more flexible and efficient scheduling routing method can be implemented.
Video Compression Algorithm For transmitting digital video information over a network such as the Internet, a hybrid coding scheme (FIGS. 9-18) with wavelet I frame coding and H.263... Read More For transmitting digital video information over a network such as the Internet, a hybrid coding scheme (FIGS. 9-18) with wavelet I frame coding and H.263 predictive coding produces a robust, low bit rate video coding scheme. A new packetization method analyzes macroblock level dependency structure (FIG. 19) and packetizes the bit stream so as to minimize dependencies between packets and thereby minimize packet loss damage.
Fair Scheduling and Medium Access in Wireless Packet Networks A wireless shared channel network packet communication method emulates fluid flow fair scheduling. Errors inherent in wireless communication and... Read More A wireless shared channel network packet communication method emulates fluid flow fair scheduling. Errors inherent in wireless communication and unaccounted for in fair scheduling for wired networks are accounted for according to the method. Lagging communication flows, typically caused by burst errors in wireless communication systems, make up for their lag by causing leading flows to give up their lead. The method is independent of the pattern of channel error. In a preferred embodiment, lag compensation is accounted for by a service tag which identifies a precedence for contention based upon the previous denial of access for channel error. This precedence allows compensation when channels become error free. A modified preferred embodiment first attempts intraframe compensation by swapping slots when a host predicts an error for its assigned slot and another host assigned a later slot is able to transmit in the slot. Interframe compensation, when needed, is accomplished preferably by a round robin contention among backlogged flows. Errors are predicted by hosts for a subsequent slot when activity is sensed in a current slot but no good packet is received. Preferred packet structures include data and control slots, with data slots partitioned to provide necessary error status and backlog information piggybacked with data so a base has sufficient information to implement compensation in contention resolution.
Method for Allocating Multiple Authentication Certificates to Vehicles in a Vehicle -to-Vehicle Communication Network In a vehicle-to-vehicle communication network utilizing PKI security methods to protect communications and in which the PKI encryption utilizes a... Read More In a vehicle-to-vehicle communication network utilizing PKI security methods to protect communications and in which the PKI encryption utilizes a Certificate Authority having both a private key and a publicly distributed key, a method for allocating multiple certificates for each vehicle which are assigned to each vehicle in the communication network. The method includes the step of assigning a unique secret key k to each vehicle in the communication network. The Certificate Authority then creates a plurality of public key and private key encryption pairs for each vehicle and each encryption pair is associated with an index i. A plurality of certificates are then created with one certificate for each value of the index. A revocation list comprising the secret keys is maintained by the Certificate Authority so that all encryption pairs assigned to a particular vehicle may be revoked by the secret key k corresponding to that vehicle.
BackDoor: Making Microphones Hear Inaudible Sounds Drs. Choudhury and Hassanieh, and Mr. Roy from the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a system... Read More Drs. Choudhury and Hassanieh, and Mr. Roy from the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a system enabling microphones to record inaudible sounds called BackDoor. This system can be used for data communication, communication security and privacy, and acoustic watermarking. BackDoor operates at frequencies of 40 kHz and higher, and is not limited with the 20-24 kHz bandwidth as other ultrasound devices. Reported results achieve data rates of 4 kbps at a distance of 1 m, and 2 kbps at 1.5 m, as well as room-level (3.5 m radius) privacy protection against electronic eavesdropping.
iSwitch Computing This technology reduces latency bottlenecks in data center network communication by shifting aggregation processes to programmable switches. iSwitch is particularly... Read More This technology reduces latency bottlenecks in data center network communication by shifting aggregation processes to programmable switches. iSwitch is particularly relevant to AI applications such as reinforcement learning (RL)-based training, where frequent gradient aggregation typically requires a large number of network hops. In demonstrations, the technology achieved a system-level speedup of more than 3.5x for both synchronous and asynchronous RL distributed training and also improved scalability. Application Networking datacenters Benefits iSwitch results in a system-level speedup of more than 3.5x for both synchronous and asynchronous RL distributed training and also improves scalability.