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Group Refractive Index Reconstruction with Broadband Interferometric Confocal Microscopy A system and method for microscale measurement and imaging of the group refractive index of a sample. The method utilizes a broadband confocal high-numerical... Read More A system and method for microscale measurement and imaging of the group refractive index of a sample. The method utilizes a broadband confocal high-numerical aperture microscope embedded into an interferometer and a spectrometric means, whereby spectral interferograms are analyzed to compute optical path delay of the beam traversing the sample as the sample is translated through the focus of an interrogating light beam. A determination of group refractive index may serve to disambiguate phase ambiguity in a measurement of refractive index at a specified wavelength. Spatial resolution of object characterization in three dimensions is achieved by imaging the object from multiple viewpoints. Applicable to a variety of industries, this novel method measures Group Refractive Indices of biological tissues at the micron scale and can be applied to several optical imaging techniques, such as Optical Coherence Tomography and Confocal Microscopy. Although the method can be used for non-medical applications, its most beneficial application is in the diagnosis of cancerous cells. It allows for quickly measuring cells' organelles to indentify cancerous properties. Since this method does not require refraction, a larger variety of biological samples can be examined. Hardware is readily available for the application of this method, and the method can be applied to any optical imaging technique due to its universal math.
A Non-Invasive Blood Viscosity Measurement through Pulse Oximetry A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a sensor having a pulse oximeter sensor to measure an oxygen saturation... Read More A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a sensor having a pulse oximeter sensor to measure an oxygen saturation level in a liquid, a magnetic source coupled to the pulse oximeter sensor, and a controller to control the pulse oximeter sensor and the magnetic source, and to measure a mechanical effect on the liquid responsive to the magnetic source applying a magnetic field to the liquid.
Ultrasonic Biopsy Needle Shear Wave Imaging An apparatus and method for estimating and imaging mechanical properties of biological tissues. The apparatus includes one or two ultrasound emitting devices (... Read More An apparatus and method for estimating and imaging mechanical properties of biological tissues. The apparatus includes one or two ultrasound emitting devices (transducers) that first apply an acoustic radiation force to vibrationally displace a sphere embedded in the medium. Alternatively, a biopsy needle may be inserted into the medium and vibrated along its axis to generate shear waves. During and after vibration, ultrasound is again applied to image shear waves in the medium that propogate from the vibrating sphere or needle. By measuring the local wavelength of the shear waves, the shear modulus and viscous coefficient of the medium surrounding the vibrating element are estimated.
Computed Pathology: Stain-Free Computational Imaging Researchers from the University of Illinois have developed a method of stain-free chemical imaging to highlight the morphology and molecular content of biological... Read More Researchers from the University of Illinois have developed a method of stain-free chemical imaging to highlight the morphology and molecular content of biological samples without the use of any stains or dyes. The tissue is computationally recreated as if it were stained and imaged in diagnosis of biological samples. This method improves the cost and efficiency by avoiding expense and lessening the time required to complete multiple stains. Also, it improves the overall consistency of the staining process.
Highly Accelerated Image Reconstruction in Medical Imaging Researchers from the University of Illinois have developed a state of the art method that can reconstruct images in better quality, in less time, with fewer scans... Read More Researchers from the University of Illinois have developed a state of the art method that can reconstruct images in better quality, in less time, with fewer scans. They leveraged sparse characteristic of the image data and produced a two step algorithm that learns the patches of the image from the data and subsequently decreases elements in each patch.
Improved Magnetic Resonance Elastography Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed sequences that control the process of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) data acquisition. ... Read More Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed sequences that control the process of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) data acquisition. Capturing MRE data using single shot, echo planar imaging can quickly and non-invasively measure the stiffness of tissue. The subsequent image processing steps do not require off line computing, which improves the convenience of MRE in a clinical setting.
System and Method for Designing Multi-Channel RF Pulses for MR Imaging A system and method for designing RF pulses for multi-channel and/or multi-dimensional spatially-selective applications using a linear approximation. Embodiments... Read More A system and method for designing RF pulses for multi-channel and/or multi-dimensional spatially-selective applications using a linear approximation. Embodiments of the system and method may use a generalized linear-class large tip angle approximation to design RF pulses for multi-channel and parallel transmission. Further, some of these approximations allow for the design of arbitrarily large flip angles, irregularly-shaped flip angle profiles, or arbitrary initial magnetization values. Embodiments of the system and method may also provide for the design of k-space trajectories which aid in maintaining assumptions of the various linear class approximations.
Optimally Tailored Raman Spectroscopic Probes for Ultrasensitive and Highly Multiplexed Assays Embodiments of nanostructured, multilayered metal-dielectric particles suitable for use as Raman spectroscopic probes, as well as methods of designing, making and... Read More Embodiments of nanostructured, multilayered metal-dielectric particles suitable for use as Raman spectroscopic probes, as well as methods of designing, making and using such multilayered nanoparticles, and kits including the multilayered nanoparticles. The multilayered nanoparticles include alternating metal and dielectric layers and an outer dielectric shell. One or more of the dielectric layers may include a plurality of reporter molecules. Embodiments of the multilayered nanoparticles are suitable for detecting target analytes in a sample. Some embodiments of the multilayered nanoparticles are suitable for use in multiplexed assays, including assays for multiple target analytes having differing concentrations.
Lanthanide Chelate Lanthanide chelates derived from diazacrown ethers having two ethyliminodiacetic acid side chains have increased ability to bind lanthanide ions. Read More Lanthanide chelates derived from diazacrown ethers having two ethyliminodiacetic acid side chains have increased ability to bind lanthanide ions.
Creating Super-Resolution Images using Standard Photobleaching and Blinking Movies Current super-resolution microscopy techniques require special laser setups and fluorescent molecules (such as PALM and STORM) that allow the fluorophores to be... Read More Current super-resolution microscopy techniques require special laser setups and fluorescent molecules (such as PALM and STORM) that allow the fluorophores to be turned on and off so that only a small number of fluorophores are turned on at any time. With the Super Shrimp image analysis algorithm, super-resolution images can be created from images with high densities of fluorophores. The invention creates microscopy images that have 5 or more times better resolution than standard microscopy images while using the standard microscopic set up available in most laboratories. It allows use of any fluorescent molecule (including quantum dots) that blinks or photobleaches to pick fluorophores out of the fluorescent background, and it can work with thousands of fluorophores in an image. This image analysis algorithm can localize quantized drops in fluorescence even with a background to create super-resolution images from standard photobleaching movies. It does not require special photo-switchable fluorophores (PALM, STORM) or fluorophores with long-lived dark states (dSTORM). The data acquisition is accomplished in minutes instead of hours and it can use standard laboratory microscopic set up with any fluorescent molecule. The algorithm processes a movie in which fluorescent molecules or particles are photobleaching or blinking and looks for individual photobleaching events that can be located with high resolution (i.e. the position of the fluorescent molecules). A composite image with resolution much higher than the original movie can then be generated. Noise is reduced by rejecting fluorophores that are poorly fit by a Gaussian and frames are averaged. Benefits The image analysis algorithm to create super-resolution images using standard photobleaching and blinking movies provides the following benefits: Uses standard laboratory equipment. Enables sub-cellular structure examination Can be used with any fluorescent molecule that can be detected by a CCD camera. It can use high labeling densities Fast data acquisition

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